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Session: Big Data and Omics in Bioactives Research (Oral 15)

(OR15-02-23) Dietary Intake and Food Contributors of Polyphenols in Healthy U.S. Adults: An Application of the FooDB Database

Monday, July 24, 2023
8:12 AM – 8:24 AM ET
Location:  Commonwealth
ELPC

    Presenting Author(s)

  • Stephanie Wilson, PhD (she/her/hers)

    Postdoctoral Research Scholar
    USDA-ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Texas A&M AgriLife Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture
    Davis, California, United States

    Disclosure(s): No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

    • Co-Author(s)

  • Jules A. Larke, PhD

    Postdoctoral Researcher
    USDA-ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center
    Davis, California, United States

  • JN

    José J. Naveja

    Institute for Molecular Biology and University Cancer Center

  • JA

    Joseph M. Awika

    Texas A&M AgriLife Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture

  • Charles B. Stephensen, PhD

    Research Leader
    USDA-ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center
    Davis, California, United States

  • DL

    Danielle G. Lemay, PhD

    Research Molecular Biologist
    USDA-ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center
    Davis, California, United States

Disclosure(s):
Stephanie Wilson, PhD: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.
Jules A. Larke, PhD: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.
Objectives: Polyphenols are dietary bioactive compounds that exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and prebiotic properties when consumed. Estimation of polyphenolic intake in foods can aid efforts to bolster polyphenolic intake and improve health outcomes. However, food composition databases often exclude many unique food biochemicals such as polyphenols. Thus, this study aims to quantify dietary polyphenol content by a U.S. adult cohort using FooDB, a comprehensive food composition database.

Methods: Healthy adults (n = 350) were recruited into an observational, cross-sectional study balanced for age, sex, and BMI (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02367287). ASA24 dietary data were collected to assess recent dietary intake and merged with FNDDS 2017 - 2018 to obtain ingredient level data. Ingredients were matched to FooDB using natural language processing. A SMARTS substructure pattern search identified 3080 polyphenolic compounds in FooDB (V.1.0). Meat, seafood, and foods with no predicted polyphenols in FooDB, were assigned a zero concentration before calculation of total polyphenol intake. Rank-based estimation regression was performed to examine the relationship between total polyphenol intake and age, sex, and BMI, adjusting for total caloric intake.

Results: On average, 94.4% (SD ± 2.3%) of foods in participants diets were mappable to FooDB. Participants consumed an average of 656 (SD ± 136) distinct polyphenols with tannins and flavonoids among the largest and most consumed polyphenol classes. Foods that were both large polyphenol contributors and widely consumed among the cohort include avocados (n = 134), cow’s milk (n = 262), potatoes (n = 203), common grapes (n = 121), tea (n = 143), walnuts (n = 118), and orange juice (n = 105). Average total polyphenol intake increased with age (β = 41.1, p < .001) and total caloric intake (β = 1.1, p < .001). However, total intake did not differ by BMI (p = .06) or sex (p = .17).

Conclusions: This is the first study to leverage the fine-scale composition data of FooDB to quantify dietary polyphenolic intake. These findings highlight fruit, vegetables, milk and dairy, and non-alcoholic beverages as large contributors to total polyphenol intake and the diversity of polyphenolic compounds in the diet of healthy U.S. adults.

Funding Sources: USDA-ARS, Texas A&M AgriLife IHA