(P03-073-23) Effects on Intestinal Health Following Intra-Amniotic Administration (Gallus gallus) of Cashew Nut Soluble Extract

Objectives: Cashew nut soluble extract (CNSE) was assessed via intra-amniotic administration, in vivo (Gallus gallus), in brush border membrane (BBM) morphology, functionality, and microbiota.

Methods: Cashew nut flour samples were dissolved in distilled water (50 g/L) (60°C, 60 min), centrifuged at 4000 rpm (4°C) for 15 min, and the supernatant was dialyzed (MWCO 12–14 kDa) (7 weeks) against distilled water, and lyophilized to make the CNSE. Four groups were evaluated: (1) no injection (control); (2) H₂O injection (control); (3) 10 mg/ml CNSE; (4) 50 mg/ml CNSE. On day 17 of incubation, CNSE was intra-amniotic administrated, and the eggs were incubated treatment-wise until hatch (day 21). All statistical analysis was made using Statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics®, version 25. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) or Kruskal-Wallis was used (p < 0.05) to evaluate differences related to morphology (villi surface area, goblet cells, crypt, and paneth cells, functionality (amino peptidase (AP), sodium-glucose transport protein 1(SGLT-1), mucin 2 (MUC2), occludin(OCN), nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) and interleukin 1 (IL1) gene expression), and microbiota (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, E. coli, Clostridium, and L. plantarum) between groups followed by post-hoc Duncan or Dunn´s test.

Results: Compared to the controls, results related to CNSE on duodenal morphological parameters showed higher paneth cell numbers, goblet cell diameter in crypt and villi, depth crypt, mixed GC per villi, and villi surface area. Further, it decreased goblet cell number in crypt and villi, acid and neutral goblet cell, both per villi and crypt. Related to microbiota, CNSE had a lower abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and E.coli, downregulation of MUC2 gene expression, and upregulation in AP gene expression at 5% compared to 1% of CNSE.

Conclusions: CNSE at 1% and 5% improved duodenal BBM functionality and morphology. For intestinal microbiota higher concentrations of CNSE or long-term intervention may be necessary.

Funding Sources: Capes-Print-Brazil. The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Agroindústria Tropical - CNPAT - (Fortaleza - CE). Research Productivity’s fellowships – CNPq.