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Session: Microbiome (Poster Theater Flash Session 8)

(PTFS08-01-23) Adherence to the EAT-Lancet Diet Benefits Cardiometabolic Health Through Gut Microbiota-Blood Protein Axis

Monday, July 24, 2023
10:05 AM – 10:09 AM ET
Location:  Fairfax
Disclosure(s):
Ju-Sheng Zheng, PHD: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.
Objectives: EAT-Lancet diet, a recently proposed dietary pattern, was reported to be mutually beneficial for the human cardiometabolic system and planetary health. We aim to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet on human cardiometabolic health.

Methods: Our study was based on a large prospective cohort study involving 3742 Chinese middle-aged and elderly participants with serum proteome repeatedly measured up to three times over 9 years (N = 7514). LASSO regression and linear regression models were used to identify EAT-Lancet diet-related serum proteomic and gut microbial signatures. Logistic regression models and linear mixed-effect models were used to examine the prospective associations of EAT-Lancet diet-related serum proteins with cardiometabolic diseases (including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and dyslipidemia) and risk factors (including fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, SBP, DBP, and BMI), respectively.

Results: We identified four core serum proteins (A2M, RBP4, TBC1D31 and AK4) that were prospectively associated with the baseline EAT-Lancet diet. The identified proteins were associated with cardiometabolic diseases and risk factors, mediating the association of the EAT-Lancet diet with the cardiometabolic phenotypes. We further discovered a novel gut microbiota-blood protein axis (EAT-Lancet diet→Rothia mucilaginosa→A2M) that may help interpret the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and cardiometabolic health.

Conclusions: Our study presents key molecular evidence to support the role of the EAT-Lancet diet adherence in promoting cardiometabolic health. The identified gut microbiota-blood protein axis (EAT-Lancet diet→Rothia mucilaginosa→A2M) could serve as targets of dietary interventions for reducing the risk of cardiometabolic disorders in the future.

Funding Sources: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China, Research Program of Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Ten-thousand Talents Program and the 5010 Program for Clinical Research of the Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou, China).