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Session: Innovations in Infant, Pediatric, and Pregnancy Nutrition Research: New Tools and Methodologies (Poster Theater Flash Session 1)

(PTFS01-02-23) Validity of the Infant Diet Quality Index for Predicting Nutrient Outcomes in Young Children Ages 2-5

Saturday, July 22, 2023

10:05 AM – 10:09 AM ET

Location: Fairfax

Presenting Author(s)

Alana M. Chaney, MS

Graduate Student
University of California, Davis
Sacramento, California, United States

Disclosure(s): No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Co-Author(s)

CA

Charles D. Arnold, MS

Statistician
University of California, Davis
Davis, California, United States
Edward A. Frongillo, Jr., PhD (he/him/his)

Professor and Director of Global Health Initiative
University of South Carolina
Columbia, South Carolina, United States
LR

Lorrene D. Ritchie, PhD, RD

University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources
Oakland, California, United States
Lauren E. Au, PhD, RDN (she/her/hers)

Assistant Professor
University of California, Davis
Davis, California, United States

Disclosure(s):

Alana M. Chaney, MS: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Edward A. Frongillo, PhD, Jr.: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Objectives: This study investigates the validity of the Infant Dietary Quality Index (IDQI) scores at 0-12 months for predicting intake of select nutrients in children ages 2-5 years using the national longitudinal WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2 (ITFPS-2).

Methods: Data analyzed from the ITFPS-2 (n=2,858) included single 24-hour dietary recalls at ages 2-5 and survey responses to determine dietary intake and nutrient values. Regression analysis was used to estimate associations between the total IDQI score (range 0-1) and daily intake of select nutrients (vitamin B12 (µg), vitamin D (µg), calcium (mg), iron (mg), zinc (mg), potassium (mg), saturated fat (g), and dietary fiber (g) at 2-5 years, adjusting for covariates, and using survey weights with a multiple imputation framework.

Results: At age 2, IDQI was positively associated with dietary fiber (β=8.13; p< 0.01), calcium (β=170; p=0.04), potassium (β=442; p< 0.01), and negatively associated with added sugars (β=-3.41; p=0.02). At 3 years old, IDQI was positively associated with dietary fiber (β=7.11; p< 0.01), calcium (β=389; p=0.002), potassium (β=643; p< 0.01), and negatively associated with added sugars (β=-5.83; p< 0.01). At age 4, IDQI was positively associated with dietary fiber (β=4.92; p< 0.01), vitamin B12 (β=1.99; p=0.01), vitamin D (β=2.97; p=0.01), calcium (β=359; p< 0.01), zinc (β=3.71; p=0.01), potassium (β=580; p< 0.01), and negatively associated with added sugars (β=-7.31; p< 0.01). At 5 years old, IDQI was positively associated with dietary fiber β=5.49; p< 0.01), calcium (β=330; p< 0.05), potassium (β=621; p< 0.01), and negatively associated with added sugars (β=-9.28; p< 0.01).

Conclusions: The IDQI was positively associated with select nutrients of concern (dietary fiber, calcium, and potassium) and negatively associated with added sugars in low-income U.S. children across ages 2-5 years. Improving IDQI in infancy may lead to better nutrient intake in childhood.

Funding Sources: National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute and University of California Office of the President Historically Black Colleges and Universities Fellowship