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Topical Area: Nutritional Epidemiology

Nutritional Epidemiology (II) (Poster Session)

(P29-044-23) Trends and Personal Characteristics Associated With Apiaceous Vegetable Intake in the US Population: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2018

Monday, July 24, 2023

11:45 AM – 12:45 PM ET

Location: Poster Board 169

Presenting Author(s)

ST

Sabrina P. Trudo, PhD, RD

Associate Professor
University of Arkansas
Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States

Co-Author(s)

Cara Frankenfeld, PhD (she/her/hers)

Associate Professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; Program Director in Public Health
University of Puget Sound
Tacoma, Washington, United States

Disclosure(s):

Sabrina P. Trudo, PhD, RD: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Objectives: Apiaceous vegetables (API) show anti-carcinogenic properties in rodents, yet little is known about API intake. We characterized API intake in the US population over time and the association of API intake with personal characteristics and dietary quality.

Methods: NHANES data (2003-2018) from 60,709 individuals with reliable dietary intake data was used. Foods considered as API were carrot, celery, parsnip, cilantro, parsley, dill, and fennel, and grams of API intake were calculated for each person and average intake was calculated across two 24-hour diet recalls. Overall intake and intake at eating occasions (breakfast, lunch, dinner, snack, and other) were evaluated. Average intake was evaluated in relation to personal characteristics using linear regression. Temporal trends in intake were evaluated using linear regression across two-year time periods. Association of API intake with diet quality (Healthy Eating Index-2015) was evaluated using linear regression, adjusted for personal characteristics.

Results: Most individuals reported no API intake (n=45,575, 73.0%); a small proportion of individuals reported average API intake of >120 g/d (n=520, 1.0%). Higher consumption was observed with older age, male gender, non-Hispanic white race, other race (not Black or Hispanic), higher poverty-to-income ratio, greater food security, higher diet quality, and non-smoker status. API intake in the population remained stable over time, with no significant temporal trend (p=0.06). Carrots were the most often consumed API-containing food and contributed the highest percentage to intake in the population. API were most commonly consumed at lunch (40%) and dinner (50%). Individuals with higher API intake had higher dietary quality (p < 0.001); including adjustment for personal characteristics, all HEI-2015 component scores were significantly associated with API intake (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: API intake in the US is low, but associated with higher dietary quality. Given that rodent intake of fresh API equivalent to 1 c/d for humans shows anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive properties, further investigation of API intake, ways to increase intake, and associated health outcomes in the US is warranted.

Funding Sources: None