(P03-058-23) Whole Sorghum BRS305 Flour Improves Antioxidant Response in Brain and Adipose Tissue of Wistar Rats Fed With High-Fat High Fructose Diet

Objectives: To investigate the bioactive properties of whole sorghum BRS305 flour on antioxidant response in adipose tissue and brain of rats fed with a high-fat and high-fructose diet.

Methods: This study was divided into two phases. In first phase, male Wistar rats were allocated into two groups for 8 weeks: control (n=8), or high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFHF) (n=16), to induce metabolic changes. In second phase (10 weeks), the control group kept the diet and HFHF group were divided into two groups: HFHF (n=8) and HFHF + sorghum flour (n=8). The antioxidant activity was determined by gene expression of antioxidant markers in adipose tissue (PPARγ and SIRT1) and brain (PPARα, ZnSOD, HSP72, and NRF2) by RT-qPCR and antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity in brain. Interactions between sorghum flour anthocyanins and PPAR-α were evaluated by molecular docking. Advanced glycation end products (AGE) and your receptor (RAGE) were quantified by ELISA. Data were submitted to ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls test (α=0.05). This study was approved by Animal Use Ethics Committee of Federal University of Viçosa (CEUA/UFV), protocol No38/2019.

Results: Sorghum flour improves antioxidant response, reducing PPARγ and SIRT1 gene expression in adipose tissue and enhancing the PPARα gene expression and SOD and catalase activity in brain, compared to HFHF (p < 0.05). Further, sorghum flour consumption resulted in an increase in HSP72 and NRF2 gene expression (p < 0.05). In silico analysis showed interactions between sorghum anthocyanins (5-methoxy Luteolidin, 7-Methoxy Apigenidin, Apigenidin chloride) and PPARα. HFHF group had the highest AGE values in adipose tissue and brain and AIN the lowest, with sorghum values similar to both controls. As for RAGE levels in adipose tissue, sorghum was similar to HFHF, but in the brain, the three groups did not differ.

Conclusions: Sorghum BRS305 consumption improve antioxidant response in brain and adipose tissue of rats fed with HFHF diet and can be a food alternative to control the development of metabolic changes that induce non-communicable diseases.

Funding Sources: (CAPES, Brazil), (CNPq, Brazil), (FAPES, Brazil); FAPEMIG (Brazil)