(P06-001-23) Nutritional and Functional Characterization of Commercially Available Black and Red Rice in the Philippines

Objectives: Pigmented rice has received increasing attention due to its possible bioactive compounds, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic. This study compares the proximate, selected vitamin and mineral analysis, antioxidant thru DPPH and TEAC-ABTS, and functionality thru pancreatic lipase inhibition and cholesterol micellar solubility inhibition of commercially available red and black rice.

Methods: Proximate analysis for macronutrients, High-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for vitamins, and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry for minerals provided the different nutrient contents from the two rice samples. At the same time, In vitro lipid-lowering assay and In vitro antioxidant assay exposed additional inhibitory capacity.

Results: Red rice had higher protein and fiber while black rice had higher fat, ash, total sugar, Vitamin B9 (p < 0.035) and C (p < 0.015), iron (p < 0.03), magnesium (p < 0.011), potassium (p < 0.018), phosphorous (p < 0.018), and sodium (p < 0.001). Vitamins A, B1, and B2 and calcium were comparable. Under DPPH scavenging activity, both samples manifested capacity but were not significantly different (p < 0.058). Both samples showed potential in the TEAC ABTS Scavenging activity, but red rice is significantly higher (p < 0.023). Cholesterol micellar solubility inhibition activity was significantly higher in red than black rice. However, both samples have substantially lower pancreatic inhibition activity than the Orlistat (p < 0.01) as standard. Red (p < 0.043) and black rice (p < 0.006) are lower than the standard effectivity of Cholestyramine.

Conclusions: Red and black rice are compacted with nutrients and have functional food properties. Further analysis is necessary to identify the active compounds responsible for the functionality of Black and Red Rice. Their consumption would help improve nutrition and prevent nutritional deficiencies.

Funding Sources: Asian Food and Agriculture Cooperation Initiative (AFACI) of South Korea for proximate and nutrient analyses and Berry Pinoy Project for the reagents.