(P14-091-23) Dietary Quality and Their Composition at Different Diabetes Status in US Adults: Cross-Sectional Analysis National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2018

Objectives: Healthy diet plays a critical role in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to assess the dietary quality and their components at different T2D status in US adults.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis among 29,683 adults (age≥20 years) participating in US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2005 and 2018. We used healthy eating index (HEI) score to quantify the set of foods aligns with key recommendations on healthful and nutritionally diet. All participants were grouped into four statuses (healthy, prediabetes, undiagnosed and diagnosed T2D). We applied logistic regression model to estimate the association between HEI score and diet components and the odds of diabetes.

Results: Among 29,683 participants, 31.0% had prediabetes and 16.8% had diabetes (3975 diagnosed and 1005 undiagnosed). The median of HEI score was 50.1 (IQR= 9.18–96.1). The HEI score of participants with diagnosed diabetes (median =51.2, IQR= 9.18–93.1) was higher than those with undiagnosed diabetes (median =49.4, IQR= 12.7–92.1). HEI score was inversely associated with odds of undiagnosed diabetes in men (odds ratio [OR]=0.75, 95% confidence interval [C.I.]= 0.59–0.96) . Participants with diagnosed diabetes had more fruit, less juice and less sugar consumptions than those with undiagnosed diabetes. However, the intake of saturated fatty acid was not significantly different between participants with diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes.

Conclusions: Participants with undiagnosed diabetes had the poor diet quality compared with healthy participants and those with diagnosed diabetes in US adults, calling for actions on specific nutrition concerns in particular target groups

Funding Sources: Nil