(P17-027-23) Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Factors Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia

Objectives: This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia.

Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1^st March 2020 to 15^th April 2020 among 333 randomly selected type 2 DM patients from the two public hospitals; Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Adare General Hospital. The magnitude of MetS was determined using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The IDF criteria define MetS if there is central obesity (waist circumference ≥ 94 cm in men and ≥ 80 cm for women), plus two of four additional factors; triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/d, HDL cholesterol < 40 mg/dL in men and < 50 mg/dL in women, raised blood pressure (systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥85) or fasting blood sugar ≥100 mg/dL). Five mL venous blood samples were drawn from each study participant after overnight fasting to determine fasting blood sugar and lipid profile. Socioeconomic, dietary, blood pressure, and anthropometric data were also collected using standard tools and procedures. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to determine factors associated with metabolic syndrome at p-value < 0.05 using SPSS v. 20.0.

Results: The overall prevalence of MetS among diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients in the study area was 72.1%. Age (AOR=1.04; CI:1.01-1.08), average monthly income (AOR=1.01; CI:1.01,1.02), duration of DM since diagnosis (AOR=1.34; CI:1.02,1.54), diabetic nutrition education (AOR=0.33; CI:0.12,0.86), and dietary diversity (AOR= 0.72, CI:0.56,0.93) were identified as significant factors associated with MetS.

Conclusions: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components among Type 2 DM patients was high in the study area as compared to other studies conducted in Ethiopia. These type II DM patients are at increased risk of CVD and other complications. Therefore, a diabetic patient follow-up should consider integrated medical and nutrition therapy to avert the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and other complications.

Funding Sources: Hawassa University