(P14-031-23) Dietary Pattern in Childhood and Cardiometabolic Risks in Late Adolescence: Prospective Evidence From “Children of 1997” Birth Cohort

Objectives: To prospectively assess the association of a healthy diet, defined by Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS), with cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolomics in East Asian adolescents.

Methods: In Hong Kong’s “Children of 1997” birth cohort, we examined the sex-specific association of GDQS (higher intake of fruits, vegetables, soy, fish (and seafood) and eggs, moderate meat and dairy, lower juice, ice cream and sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) scored by tertiles) at ~12.0 years with cardiometabolic risk factors and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measured metabolomics at ~17.6 years using multivariable linear regression (n=2844).

Results: Higher GDQS was associated with unsaturated fatty acids (0.11 SD (95%CI: 0.09,0.18) higher in Omega-3 per score), likely attributed to higher fish, fruit and vegetable corrected for multiple comparisons (p < 0.001). At nominal significance (p < 0.05), higher GDQS was associated with lower waist-to-hip ratio, mostly attributed to higher vegetable (-0.05SD (95% CI: -0.09; 0.00) per score) and soy intake (-0.05SD (95% CI: -0.09; -0.01)). Higher fish intake (per score) was associated with higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (0.06 SD, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.10) and lower triglycerides (TG) (-0.07 SD, 95% CI: -0.11, -0.02). Less fruit, vegetable and ice cream were associated with lower fasting glucose whilst higher fish intake was associated with better lipoprotein profile (e.g. higher TG in HDL, lower cholesteryl esters in LDL and vLDL but higher in HDL). Higher soy and fruit were associated with lower lactate and pyruvate. These associations were more evident in boys.

Conclusions: Higher fruit, vegetable, soy and fish, lower ice cream and SSBs were associated with lower cardiometabolic risk in Chinese adolescents.

Funding Sources: Apart from funding for the cohort (Health Care and Promotion Fund, Health and Welfare Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong SAR; Health and Health Services Research Fund; Research Fund for the Control of Infectious Diseases in Hong Kong, Government of the Hong Kong SAR, the University Research Committee Strategic Research Theme of Public Health Granted Research, The University of Hong Kong and the WYNG Foundation, this sub-study received funding from Health and Medical Research Fund in Hong Kong, and Preemptive retention/Start up fund, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong.