(P29-004-23) Mushroom Intake and Hyperuricemia: Results From National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Objectives: Elevated uric acid levels can lead to the onset of gout. Mushroom intake may lower blood uric acid levels, but there is limited literature on this association. We conducted a collaborative study to examine mushroom intake and hyperuricemia.

Methods: We used data from the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA) in Japan (1997–2012) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the US (2003–2018). Mushroom and mushroom-containing foods were measured by 3-day dietary records in multiple waves of the NILS-LSA and by one- or two-day dietary recall in NHANES. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid levels >420 μmol/L in men and >350 μmol/L in women. We used logistic regression models in NHANES (cross-sectional analysis) and Generalized Estimation Equations in NILS-LSA for hyperuricemia (longitudinal analysis), adjusting for confounding variables.

Results: A total of 2,155 NILS-LSA participants (mean (SD) age of 54.9 (11.7) years) and 38,370 NHANES (mean (SE) age of 46.2 (0.2) years) were included. Mushrooms were consumed by 5.1% of NHANES and 81.8% of NILS-LSA participants. In the NILS-LSA, compared to non-consumers, a higher mushroom intake was associated with a lower risk of hyperuricemia in men. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval; CI) for 0 g/d, < median consumption ( < 10 g/d), and ≥ median consumption (≥ 10 g/d) were 1.00 (Ref.), 0.67 (0.44, 1.02), and 0.64 (0.43, 0.94), respectively (P-trend=0.04). No association was found in women. In NHANES, no association were observed for US men and women. The adjusted corresponding OR (95% CI) for 0 g/1000 kcal/d, median intake (2.6 g/1000 kcal/d), and median intake (11.7 g/1000 kcal/d) were 1.00 (Ref.), 0.80 (0.60, 1.06), 0.96 (0.73, 1.27), respectively.

Conclusions: Mushroom consumption was associated with lower odds of hyperuricemia in Japanese men. Sex differences in urate homeostasis may contribute to observed gender differences in findings. The lack of findings in NHANES suggest that frequent mushroom consumption is needed to potentially lower the risk of hyperuricemia in men.

Funding Sources: Djibril M. Ba, John P. Richie, and Joshua Muscat were supported by Mushrooms Canada for the NHANES study. Shu Zhang, Yukiko Nishita, Chikako Tange, and Rei Otsuka were supported by National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology.