(P29-008-23) Associations of White Potato Consumption with Cardiometabolic Health Measures in US Adults Categorized by Diabetes Status: Analysis of NHANES, 2009–2018

Objectives: Relationships between white potato intake and markers of cardiometabolic health have not been assessed in a nationally representative sample of individuals categorized by diabetes status. This cross-sectional analysis assessed the most common preparation methods for white potatoes and examined the associations between habitual white potato intake and cardiometabolic risk factors in US adults with data analyzed by diabetes status.

Methods: The dietary intake assessment component of NHANES, What We Eat in America, was linked with the Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies and Food Patterns Equivalents Database to rank consumption of white potato-containing foods in cup equivalents for all adults (≥ 19 y) and by diabetes status (no diabetes, undiagnosed prediabetes, diagnosed prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, or diagnosed diabetes) using data from NHANES 2009-2018. In addition, white potato individual usual intakes were determined for adults by diabetes status using the National Cancer Institute method. Linear and quintile trends between habitual white potato intake and cardiometabolic risk factors were determined by regression analysis with adjustment for covariates. P < 0.01 was considered significant.

Results: The most consumed white potato-containing food in all diabetes status categories was “white potato, French fries, from frozen, deep fried”, except in those with undiagnosed diabetes (n = 619) who had “white potato, scalloped” as the most consumed type. In all adults (n = 25,587), insulin concentrations, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and waist circumference were positively associated with white potato intake. In both adults without diabetes (n = 21,525) and those with diagnosed diabetes (n = 3,415), waist circumference was positively associated with white potato intake.

Conclusions: In the US adult population, white potato intake was associated with insulin resistance and greater waist circumference. In adults categorized with or without diabetes, white potato intake was associated with greater waist circumference. Similar white-potato containing foods were consumed regardless of diabetes status, with the most commonly consumed white potato-containing foods being fried with added fat.

Funding Sources: Alliance for Potato Research and Education