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Topical Area: Nutritional Epidemiology

Nutritional Epidemiology (II) (Poster Session)

(P29-012-23) Cross-Sectional Associations Between Time-Restricted Eating, Physical Activity, and Glycosylated Hemoglobin

Monday, July 24, 2023
11:45 AM – 12:45 PM ET
Location: Poster Board 138
Disclosure(s):
Viktoria Feit, M.Sc. Molecular Nutritional Science: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.


Objectives: This project aimed to investigate associations between time-restricted eating (TRE; defined as a daily eating window of 4-12 hours), physical activity, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels. It was hypothesized that TRE would be associated with lower glycosylated hemoglobin levels, even after adjustment for physical activity, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and educational level.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2017) were analyzed. Diet was recorded by 24-hour dietary recalls, and the duration of the daily eating window was determined by identifying the time of the first and last eating occasions (caloric intake ≥ 25 kcal). Physical activity was assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ). Glycosylated hemoglobin was measured from blood samples. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for physical activity, age, sex, body mass index, and education was performed.

Results: The mean age of the adult study participants (n=9693) was 50 years (SD=19), with 48.7% women and 51.3% men. The mean duration of the daily eating window was 11.2 (SD=3) hours and 49% of the participants could be classified as TRE. The results showed that only 13.2% of participants with TRE had elevated HbA1c values ( >6.5%) compared to 14.3% of participants with a longer eating window. After adjustment for physical activity, age, sex, BMI, and education, there was still an association between TRE and glycosylated hemoglobin (OR=0.844, p=0.099). There was no significant interaction between TRE and physical activity.

Conclusions: There was an association between TRE and glycosylated hemoglobin levels even after adjusting for potential confounders. These results suggest that TRE may be beneficial in controlling glycemia in people with or at risk of developing diabetes compared with a longer eating window. More research is needed to understand how TRE and glycated hemoglobin interact.

Funding Sources: Department of Population-Based Medicine