(P28-018-23) Selection of Checklist Items To Evaluate the Degree of Adherence to Dietary Guidelines for Korean Elderly

Objectives: This study was conducted to select checklist items for how well elderly people adhere to the three domains recommended in dietary guidelines for Koreans, which include food intake, lifestyle habits, and hygiene and sustainable practices.

Methods: To evaluate the three domains of dietary guidelines, we developed preliminary survey questions through a recent literature review. To verify the content validity of the survey questions, expert evaluations were conducted. After modification and revision, the selected questions were used to conduct a survey of 331 elderly people aged 65 and over in the Seoul metropolitan area. To assess the convergent validity of the survey questions, a one-day dietary intake survey was conducted. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to confirm the construct validity of the evaluation tools. The final model fit, which combined all three domains, was also confirmed by structural equation modeling.

Results: Through a recent literature review, we selected 30, 12, and 21 preliminary survey questions for evaluating food intake, lifestyle habits, and hygiene and sustainable practices, respectively. After modifying and revising the questions based on content validity and convergent validity evaluations, the number of questions decreased to 25, 11, and 16 for each domain, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis led to a further decrease in the number of questions to 11, 7, and 8 for each domain, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the model fit of each domain, and all three domains showed acceptable model fits. The final model fit, which combined all three domains, showed acceptable fit indices, including CMIN/DF=1.677, GFI=0.901, CFI=0.878, RMSEA=0.045, and SRMR=0.0582.

Conclusions: We developed checklist items consisting of 11 questions for the food intake domain, 7 questions for the lifestyle domain, and 8 questions for the hygiene and sustainable practices domain to evaluate how well elderly people adhere to the Korean dietary guidelines. This survey questionnaire may be a useful and simple means of evaluating the degree of adherence to dietary guidelines for Korean elderly.

Funding Sources: This study was conducted by a research grant from the Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.