(P29-013-23) Plausible Reporting Status Is Associated With Ethnicity but May Not Influence Nutrient Adequacy Conclusions for Nutrients of Public Health Concern

Objectives: To determine if those with plausible dietary recalls differ by ethnicity, and whether conclusions regarding nutrient adequacy would be different with implausible reporters included/excluded.

Methods: Adult participants (19+ y) of the NHANES cycles 2003-2018 were utilized in the current study. Energy and intakes of nutrients of public health concern were obtained from total nutrient intake files. Oxford equations for basal metabolic rate (BMR) were utilized. Plausible (PR), under- (UR), and over-reporters (OR) were determined using the Goldberg method (95% confidence levels; CL) which compares the ratio of energy intake:basal metabolic rate (EI:BMR) to adjusted physical activity levels as a measure of energy expenditure. UR and OR were defined as those with EI:BMR < 95% CL and > 95% CL of Goldberg cutoff 2, respectively. Subjects with an EI:BMR between the 95% CL of the cutoff were defined as PR. The NCI method was used to estimate usual intake and the % < Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)/ > Adequate Intake (AI) were determined using the cut-point method. . Regression analyses were used to compare percentage > EAR/ > AI between reporting status groups.

Results: Plausible reporters represented approximately 68% of the population, with 29 and 3% of the population UR and OR, respectively. A higher percentage of non-Hispanic Black adults were UR and OR (35 ± 0.7, 3.8 ± 0.3%, respectively) and less were PR (61 ± 0.6%) as compared to non-Hispanic White (NHW; 28 ± 0.4, 3.0 ± 0.2, 69 ± 0.5%, respectively). Additionally, more Mexican Americans were OR (4.2 ± 0.3%) as compared to NHW (3.0 ± 0.2%). Approximately 44 and 95% of the total population were < EAR for calcium and vitamin D, respectively, whereas 6.8 and 33% of the total population were > AI for dietary fiber and potassium, respectively. Those with plausible intake had a lower % of the population < EAR for calcium (35%) and vitamin D (94%) and a higher % > AI for dietary fiber (9.4%) and potassium (44%) as compared to those with implausible intakes (66, 97, 2.8, 15%, respectively).

Conclusions: Although differences in nutrient adequacy between the total population and PR population exist, they likely do not impact our conclusions on public health and nutrition education since even plausible reporters have large percentages of the population not meeting nutrient intake recommendations.

Funding Sources: No funding was received.